Natural Capital

Natural Capital: A Summary of Findings

Natural Capital in the Sierra Nevada exhibits both strengths and weaknesses. Because only 16 percent of the land in the Sierra Nevada is privately owned, future settlement patterns are more predictable than statewide, helping to maintain a healthy natural capital. Designations of land use through general plans provide a balance in communities and help preserve open space. The Sierra Nevada supplies about 60 percent of California’s usable fresh water. Between 1990 and 2003, the value of agriculture produced in the Central Valley using Sierra Nevada water was valued at $15-18 billion per year. Advances in hydropower and geothermal electricity production allow the Sierra Nevada to export electricity to a wider portion of California State. Increases in production result in lower wholesale electricity prices.

Troubling trends include the loss of farmland in the North Central counties, where thousands of acres of highly valuable fruit orchards and nut trees have been lost. Pressures for development continue to threaten open space, particularly in the North and North Central counties. Throughout the Sierra, certain habitats have limited protection from conversion, including oak-dominated landscapes, riparian areas, and agricultural lands. Fire hazard is significant on 45% of the Sierra Nevada landscape. Air quality is declining due to both particulate matter and ozone. As a result of decreasing snowpack levels and subsequent snowmelt, groundwater levels are falling. Commuters into the region are significant contributors to traffic congestion resulting in increased air and water pollution.